Getting a new water heater is a big job, but it doesn’t have to be difficult. With the right steps, you can have hot water flowing again quickly.
You can choose from gas, electric, or tankless water heaters for your home; each type has plus points. For example, gas heaters warm the water fast, while electric ones are easier to use.
When installing a water heater you need to think about where it will go, how to correctly connect pipes and wires, and ensure the work is safely done. If you’re unsure how to do this, it’s best to call a professional to complete the job.
Choosing the Right Water Heater
Picking the best water heater for your home involves predicting your energy use and picking a fuel type and design.
Analyzing Energy Specifications
Energy specifications are key to choosing a water heater, such as the Energy Factor (EF) rating and the First Hour Rating (FHR). A higher EF means better efficiency, while FHR tells you how much hot water the unit can give in an hour.
Look at the Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) for gas heaters, and for electric models, check the Uniform Energy Factor (UEF). These numbers show how well the heater turns energy into hot water.
It’s also important to consider sizing because if a heater is too small it won’t meet your needs, while one that is too large will waste energy. Figure out your peak hour demand to get the right size.
Comparing Gas and Electric Models
Gas and electric water heaters each have pros and cons.
- Gas heaters heat water faster and often cost less to run, but they need a gas line and proper venting.
- Electric heaters are easier to install as they don’t need venting. However, they can be slower to heat water and may cost more to run.
- Propane water heaters are an option if you don’t have natural gas. They work like gas heaters but need a propane tank.
Considering Tankless Options
Tankless water heaters heat water on demand, save space, and can be more efficient than tank models. These units provide endless hot water but they have limits on flow rate, meaning they can struggle if you use hot water in many places at once.
Tankless heaters cost more upfront but often last longer and save energy over time. They also come in both gas and electric models. For large homes, you might need more than one tankless heater, or you could use a tankless heater with a small tank for backup.
Understanding Installation Requirements
Water heater installation requires careful planning and adherence to specific guidelines.
Local Building and Plumbing Codes
Check your local building and plumbing codes before starting any work as these rules set safety standards for water heater installations. They cover things like placement, venting, and connections.
Some areas need permits for new installations or replacements so contact your local building department to learn about required inspections. Following these codes helps prevent problems and keeps your home safe.
Reviewing Water Supply and Pressure
Test the water pressure to ensure it’s within the right range for your new heater. If it’s too high, you might need a pressure-reducing valve. Check the water quality too as hard water can shorten your heater’s life. To tackle this, add a water softener. Next, check that your pipes can handle the flow rate of the new heater, and replace any old or narrow pipes.
Determining Necessary Water Heater Parts
You’ll need a pressure relief valve to prevent tank explosions, while an expansion tank helps manage increased water volume as it heats. Check the gas supply line and flue pipe for gas heaters and electric heaters need the right wiring and circuit breaker. You’ll also need the correct drain valve and hot water outlet. Proper insulation around pipes is also essential to save energy.
Preparing for Installation
A water heater installation takes some planning and you’ll need to gather tools, check your current system, and possibly hire a professional technician.
Gathering Tools and Materials
You’ll need specific items for a water heater installation, such as a pipe cutter for removing the old unit, a garden hose to drain the tank, and an appliance dolly to move heavy heaters. Also, don’t forget basic tools like wrenches and screwdrivers.
Other essentials include:
- Teflon tape
- Pipe fittings
- Copper pipe
- Solder and flux
Check your new heater’s manual as it will list any special tools or parts you need.
Conducting a Maintenance Assessment
Check your current water heater for leaks or rust and test the pressure relief valve. Next, Inspect the thermostat and burner to confirm they work, If they’re faulty, you might just need new parts rather than a whole new heater. Finally, look at the pipes and connections, noting their size and type as this will help when buying a new heater or parts.
Securing Professional Plumber Services
For most people, professional installation is advised as plumbers have the right skills and tools to handle tricky situations that may pop up during installation.
Call several plumbers for quotes and ask about their specific experience with water heaters. Ensure they’re licensed and insured, and have the necessary permits as some areas require them for water heater installations.
Post-Installation Guidelines
After installing your water heater, follow these key steps to ensure safe and efficient operation.
Adjusting Temperature Settings
Set your water heater’s temperature gauge to 120°F (49°C), as this temperature is hot enough for most needs but helps save energy.
To adjust your new water heater:
- Locate the temperature dial on your unit
- Turn it to the desired setting
- Wait a few hours for the water to heat up
- Test the water temperature at a faucet
If you need hotter water, raise the setting slowly, checking the temperature after each adjustment. Don’t set it above 140°F (60°C) as this could result in scalding.
Preventing Scalds and Overheating
Install thermostatic mixing valves on faucets and showerheads as these devices mix cold water with hot to prevent scalds.
Other safety tips:
- Test water temperature before use, especially for kids and seniors
- Turn off the gas supply valve if you smell gas
- Check the overflow pipe regularly for leaks
- Install scald guards on bathtub faucets
Keep flammable items away from your water heater, including cleaning supplies, paint, and gasoline.
Understanding Maintenance and Safety
Regular maintenance keeps your water heater running safely and efficiently.
- Flush the tank yearly to remove sediment
- Check the anode rod every 3-5 years
- Inspect valves and pipes for leaks monthly
- Test the pressure relief valve annually
Look for issues like rusty water, strange noises, or leaks, and call a professional immediately to avoid water damage. Remember, water heater installation costs often include a warranty so keep your paperwork in case you need repairs.
Speak to us today to discuss upgrading or repairing your current water heater.
